The culmination of this three-step process is your explanatory style, which ultimately equates to your level of optimism or pessimism. First by accessing the longevity of the setback (permanence), second the scope of its affects (pervasiveness) and third the level of personal responsibility you have for the circumstance (personalization). When faced with a calamity, Seligman explains that we process it in three ways. It is the great modulator of learned helplessness." - Learned Optimism, page 15 Identifying your Explanatory Style "Explanatory style is the manner in which you habitually explain to yourself why events happen. Seligman presents readers with various opportunities to assess their natural tendency through quizzes within the book, providing opportunity for real time application of the theories and suggestions presented. While this piece is quite involved and wide reaching, readers will learn the foundation of both optimistic and pessimistic outlooks and how to identify their own explanatory style, the theory behind learned optimism and the need for selective and situational application. Seligman compiled countless studies and comparative research summaries to present a compelling and hopeful case for the opportunity to counteract your innate tendencies, through learned and deliberate practices to form selective approaches to life’s rollercoaster of events. This innate tendency, if left unattended, can affect the way we perform and interact in all spheres of life, both professionally and personally. In fact, it is likely that our tendency towards a positive or negative reproach is innate, that we are born with either an optimistic or negative outlook. "Our thoughts are not merely reactions to events they change what ensues." - Learned Optimism, page 7Īs we know, life inflicts the same setbacks and tragedies on us all, but how we as individuals weather these storms is wholly unique and independent from our peers.
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